LIMES PLUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
LIMES PLUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal dedicated to publishing original, high-quality research in the fields of social sciences, humanities, and interdisciplinary studies. The journal follows a double-blind peer-review process and is committed to advancing scholarly knowledge through ethical, accessible, and impactful research. Read Scope of the Journal Key Information Journal Title: LIMES PLUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Indexing: ERIH PLUS Access Model: Open Access (no subscription, no APC) License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) Copyright: Retained by Journal for all Published Content
Role of Emotional Intelligence in Managerial Decision-Making
Emotional intelligence (EI) has emerged as a critical factor influencing managerial decision-making in contemporary organizations. Defined as the ability to perceive, understand, regulate, and utilize emotions effectively, EI enables managers to navigate complex interpersonal dynamics and make balanced, informed decisions. This study examines the role of emotional intelligence in enhancing the quality of managerial decisions, particularly in environments characterized by uncertainty, pressure, and diverse stakeholder interests. key components of emotional intelligence—self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills—and their impact on decision-making processes. Managers with high EI are better equipped to manage stress, avoid impulsive judgments, and consider both rational and emotional aspects of a situation. This leads to more thoughtful, ethical, and context-sensitive decisions. Additionally, emotionally intelligent managers are more effective in conflict resolution, team management, and communication, which further supports sound decision-making. Empirical evidence suggests that EI contributes to improved organizational outcomes by enhancing leadership effectiveness, employee engagement, and workplace relationships. It also plays a significant role in reducing biases, improving risk assessment, and fostering collaborative problem-solving.
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Role of Innovation Management in Business Growth
Innovation Management plays a vital role in achieving business growth, organizational competitiveness, and long-term sustainability in the modern business environment. In an era characterized by rapid technological advancement, globalization, and changing consumer demands, organizations must continuously develop new ideas, products, services, and processes to survive and succeed in competitive markets. the role of Innovation Management in promoting business growth by analyzing how organizations use innovation strategies to improve productivity, customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, and market performance. key aspects of innovation management such as product innovation, process innovation, technological advancement, strategic planning, research and development, and organizational creativity. It highlights how effective innovation management enables businesses to adapt to market changes, improve decision-making, reduce operational costs, and create competitive advantages. The role of leadership, organizational culture, employee creativity, and technology in supporting innovation-driven growth.
Strategic Human Resource Management and Organizational Effectiveness: A Study
Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) has emerged as a critical approach for aligning human resource practices with organizational goals to enhance overall effectiveness and competitive advantage. the relationship between SHRM practices—such as talent acquisition, training and development, performance management, and employee engagement—and organizational effectiveness in modern business environments. In an era characterized by globalization, technological advancement, and dynamic market conditions, organizations increasingly rely on strategic management of human capital as a key driver of success. how SHRM contributes to improved organizational outcomes by fostering a skilled, motivated, and adaptable workforce. It highlights the role of HR strategies in supporting innovation, enhancing productivity, and building sustainable organizational capabilities. The integration of HR policies with business strategies is shown to strengthen decision-making processes and improve alignment between employee performance and organizational objectives.
Employee Motivation and Job Satisfaction in Private Organizations
Employee motivation and job satisfaction are essential factors influencing organizational productivity, employee performance, and overall business success in private organizations. In today’s competitive business environment, private organizations increasingly recognize that motivated and satisfied employees contribute significantly to operational efficiency, innovation, customer service, and long-term organizational growth. the relationship between employee motivation and job satisfaction in private organizations by analyzing how motivational strategies, workplace conditions, leadership practices, compensation systems, and organizational culture affect employee attitudes and performance. n major motivational factors such as financial rewards, recognition, career development opportunities, work-life balance, job security, employee engagement, and supportive leadership. It highlights that organizations that effectively motivate employees often experience higher job satisfaction, improved productivity, stronger organizational commitment, and reduced employee turnover. The study also explores the role of communication, workplace environment, and employee participation in enhancing job satisfaction within private organizations.
Dysgraphia Among Students in the Early Stages of Learning: A Study in light of Neurolinguistics
This study aims to examine dysgraphia among primary school students, with particular emphasis on its cerebral (neural) dimension. Writing is a mental activity before it is a physical (manual) one; consequently, both diagnosis and treatment are challenging. Acquiring writing skills is also highly demanding because writing requires visual, auditory, and motor coordination. Any impairment in these three components will inevitably lead to dysgraphia.
The Financial and Societal Effects of Big Athletic Events
Globally, major sporting events have grown into phenomena with far-reaching effects on society's social, cultural, political, and economic aspects, in addition to athletic competition. International athletic events like the Olympics, FIFA World Cup, Commonwealth Games, and others draw in millions of people from all over the globe, including athletes, fans, journalists, and investors. These events are significant for academic and policy study because they facilitate global interaction, national representation, cultural exchange, and economic activity. the monetary and social effects that large-scale athletic events have on the communities and nations that play host. Tourism, new infrastructure, jobs, foreign investment, and heightened corporate activity are some of the ways that major sporting events boost economies. Possibilities for urban expansion and enhancements to transportation, communication, and public facilities are only a few of the long- and short-term economic impacts examined in this study.
Between Material Prosperity and Loyalty to Ideological Doctrine: The Forbidden Trade in the Era of the Crusades (1096-1291 AD)
The present article examines the policy of prohibiting the trade of war goods between Christians and the Islamic East, and between Muslims and the European West, during the Crusades (5th-7th centuries AH / 11th-13th centuries AD). This policy is primarily documented in Vatican records for the European West and in Islamic jurisprudence for the Muslim world. Despite the ban, merchants were more focused on commerce, often disregarding the consequences of their actions. In response, the Church intensified its support for the Crusades by convening councils where the issue of trading strategic goods with Muslims was addressed. The Church imposed excommunication on those who sold essential war materials to Muslims, and this prohibition was repeatedly renewed. The banned items included metals, timber (especially long wood, which was scarce in the region and crucial for shipbuilding), tar, weapons, sulfur, and horses. Even food and livestock could be subject to the ban. This article argues that merchants frequently defied these restrictions, continuing to trade in strategic war goods, which highlights the challenges faced by authorities in enforcing papal decrees.
Global Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Project Social Acceptance
Renewable energy initiatives need public support to adopt and sustain clean energy technology. Renewable energy infrastructure is good for the environment and economy, but many social, cultural, and political factors can affect its growth. an international analysis of public opinion on renewable energy projects, examining what drives support or opposition in different countries. Case studies from industrialized and emerging countries illuminate the relationship between public opinion, local pushback, policy, and stakeholder involvement in societal acceptance. investigates how environmental concerns, economic opportunities, cultural values, and government trust affect wind, solar, and hydropower. This study identifies social acceptance criteria to address public concerns and encourage community engagement in renewable energy projects. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding local settings, incorporating stakeholders early in the planning process, and spreading the benefits of renewable energy projects to gain social acceptance. Getting people to use renewable energy is a challenge and an opportunity.
Anthropological Explorations of French Travelers and Their Study of Epidemics in the Southwestern Algerian Region in the 19th Century AD
This study addresses a set of explorations by French travelers in the southwestern Algerian region which combined social and health life in the region with a focus on their study of customs, traditions, epidemics and diseases that were widespread in the region. It highlights how these journeys combined a scientific and medical character on the one hand and colonial objectives on the other as French travelers and doctors sought to understand the social structure patterns of living and health habits of the local population. The study also shows that the study of epidemics such as plague cholera and fever was not merely a medical concern but a tool for understanding society and controlling it as travelers linked the spread of diseases to the environment climate and cultural practices of the local population. The French occupation exploited the health situation to increase its intervention in the region.
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Workplace Success: A Comparative Analysis of High and Low Performers
By comparing high and low performers in different organisational settings to determine the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in workplace success. In recent years, emotional intelligence—the capacity to recognise, name, analyse, and control one's own and other people's emotional states—has emerged as a critical component in establishing a person's level of professional success. leadership efficacy, interpersonal connections, decision-making, and stress management are all areas where EI has a significant impact on the workplace. We used a mixed-methods strategy to provide EI tests to a cross-section of workers who had already been classified as high or low performers according to their performance reports and peer judgements. finds significant disparities in EI competencies between the two sets of people and looks at how top performers use their EI to overcome obstacles, improve teamwork, and create a happy atmosphere at work. According to the results, those who score higher on the EI scale are more likely to have strong communication skills, effective methods for resolving conflicts, and a higher capacity to handle stress on the job. These traits lead to improved performance in the workplace. When compared to high performers, low performers' work productivity and relationships with coworkers are significantly affected by their lack of emotional awareness and regulation. Organisations should incorporate emotional intelligence training into employee development programs to improve workplace outcomes and boost overall organisational success, emphasising the role of EI in professional growth.
Digital Platforms and Transformations in Linguistics Teaching at the Contemporary University
This article aims to study the impact of digital platforms on the transformations of linguistics teaching within the contemporary university, by highlighting the changes that have affected teaching methods and the roles of educational actors in the context of digital transformation. University education has increasingly relied on digital platforms, which have provided an interactive learning environment that has contributed to diversifying knowledge sources, facilitating access to linguistic content, and enhancing students’ self-directed and collaborative learning. The study has shown that linguistics teaching has clearly benefited from these platforms, as it has become more connected to practical applications, such as the analysis of linguistic corpora and digital tools, which has contributed to developing students’ analytical skills. The article also indicates that this transformation has been accompanied by a change in the roles of the teacher and the student; however, it faces some challenges, such as weak digital infrastructure and the lack of pedagogical training in the digital field. The article concludes that digital platforms represent a fundamental lever for modernizing linguistics teaching, provided that an appropriate technical and pedagogical environment is established to ensure their effective use.
Role of Cardiac Rehabilitation Physiotherapy in Improving Quality of Life Post Myocardial Infarction
Patients who are recuperating from myocardial infarction (MI) can significantly improve their quality of life (QoL) with the utilisation of cardiac rehabilitation physiotherapy. The purpose of this structured program is to restore physical function, maintain heart health, and avoid recurrences by combining exercise training, patient education, and psychosocial support. Patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction frequently undergo physical deconditioning, emotional discomfort, and problems in their lifestyle, all of which can impair the rehabilitation process. a multimodal approach to cardiac rehabilitation that places an emphasis on the role that individualised physiotherapy therapies play in enhancing physical endurance, lowering the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and addressing mental health difficulties such as anxiety and depression. Physiotherapy has been shown to be helpful in improving cardiac efficiency, lowering the number of times patients need to be readmitted to the hospital, and improving patients' general well-being, according to research that are supported by evidence. A number of important results, such as improved exercise tolerance, superior disease management, and enhanced emotional resilience, highlight the need of including physiotherapy into the usual protocols for cardiac rehabilitation. Physiotherapy for cardiac rehabilitation offers a holistic approach to improving health and quality of life for individuals who have had a myocardial infarction (MI) by treating both the physical and psychosocial elements of the condition.
Narrative Alienation and Representations of the Self and the Other in the Contemporary Arab Feminist Novel
Women’s venture into the realm of novelistic writing has marked a radical paradigm shift in the structure of contemporary Arab literary discourse. It has effectively destabilized the central male hegemony that had long been entrenched in the collective and cultural consciousness for centuries as the absolute "center of the universe" and existence. Feminist writing was by no means a mere aesthetic luxury or emotional outpouring; rather, it emerged as a conscious act of resistance. It initiated from a meticulous examination of the self and the depiction of its inner worlds, subsequently expanding to lay bare the underlying mechanisms of the patriarchal order. Furthermore, it lifted the veil on the manifestations of both physical and symbolic violence—such as oppression, exclusion, rape, and forced marriage—which women endure in their daily realities. This narrative shift has ignited a profound value-based and epistemological conflict within the contemporary feminist novelistic corpus, fundamentally reshaping the dialectical relationship between the feminine "Self" and the dominant "Other." In this context, the manifestations of violence inflicted upon women multiply as a deeply rooted structural phenomenon within the patriarchal authority. This violence does not stop at the boundaries of physical and material abuse; rather, it extends to encompass symbolic, cultural, and linguistic dimensions that reinforce what can be termed the "culture of silence." Consequently, it poses a direct threat and inflicts a genuine alienation upon the Arab feminine identity and its human essence.
The Psychology of Motivation: How Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators Shape Behavior in Academic Settings
The psychology of motivation, with an emphasis on the ways in which extrinsic and intrinsic motivators affect behaviour in educational environments. Long-term learning outcomes, academic success, and student engagement are all significantly influenced by motivation. Deeper learning and long-term academic success are frequently associated with intrinsic motivation, which is fuelled by internal elements like enjoyment, intellectual curiosity, and personal interest. Although it may not necessarily result in long-term engagement or intrinsic value in the learning process, extrinsic motivation—which is fuelled by outside rewards or recognition, such as grades, praise, or future employment prospects—can also have an impact on students' academic behaviours. the dynamic interplay of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation in educational settings through student interviews and surveys at various educational levels. According to the results, extrinsic motivators can be significant short-term accelerators for accomplishment and goal-directed behaviour, but intrinsic motivation is a better indicator of long-term academic success and personal development. Furthermore, how the classroom atmosphere, social influences, and teacher assistance shape both forms of motivation. Teachers and legislators can create more successful plans to encourage motivation and advance improved learning outcomes by knowing how various motivators interact. In order to improve student performance and engagement, this study offers insightful information for developing educational systems and treatments that strike a balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivators.
Variation in the Arabic Translation of Ferdinand de Saussure’s Course in General Linguistics: The Tunisian and Iraqi Translations as a Case Study
This study examines the variations in the translation of Ferdinand de Saussure’s Course in General Linguistics by comparing the Tunisian and Iraqi Arabic translations. It highlights the discrepancies in linguistic terminology resulting from the absence of standardization and coordination, which have led to differences in meaning as well as the emergence of certain errors and ambiguities. The study emphasizes the necessity of standardizing linguistic terminology in order to achieve more accurate scientific translation.
The Impact of Social Media on Adolescent Mental Health: An Exploration of Anxiety, Depression, and Self-Esteem
The effects of social media on the psychological well-being of adolescents, with a concentration on low self-esteem, despair, and anxiety. Social media has grown in importance among teenagers in recent years, impacting their relationships, sense of identity, and mental health. A lot of people are worried about the possible harmful impacts of social media on mental health, even while it allows people to interact, express themselves, and share information. the relationships between teenage anxiety, depression, and self-esteem and several components of social media use, including amount of time spent online, material genres ingested, and online interactions. Adolescents' social media use and other mental health indicators were the focus of a mixed-methods study we conducted. Excessive use and exposure to bad content are linked to increased levels of anxiety and sadness, revealing a complex relationship between social media use and mental health. It would suggest that some of the negative impacts can be mitigated through positive online interactions and supportive social networks, on the flip side. teens' vulnerability to the detrimental psychological impacts of social media use may be heightened by the moderating function of self-esteem. In order to promote adolescents' mental well-being, this study emphasises the significance of encouraging healthy online behaviours and self-care techniques, and it argues for a balanced approach to social media involvement.
The Reality of Employing the Teaching Methodology of Physical Education and Sports Lessons at the Secondary Level: A Field Study
This study aims to identify the reality of physical education and sports teachers' use of the teaching methodology for physical education and sports lessons at the secondary level, and to examine the extent to which this methodology contributes to the organization and success of the lesson. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive approach was adopted, and a questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. It was administered to a sample of 25 physical education and sports teachers working in several secondary schools in the Province of M'Sila. The findings of the study revealed that physical education and sports teachers employ a well-structured teaching methodology that contributes significantly to organizing lesson time, improving students' discipline, and enhancing their motivation to participate. This confirms the pivotal role of the teaching methodology in ensuring the success of physical education and sports lessons at the secondary level.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs. Psychodynamic Therapy: Efficacy in Treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder
The efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) against Psychodynamic Therapy (PDT) in treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). GAD is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry, leading to considerable distress and impairment in everyday functioning. While CBT has been widely acknowledged and backed by empirical research as an effective treatment for GAD, Psychodynamic Therapy, a more conventional technique, has also been utilised to address underlying emotional conflicts contributing to anxiety. the treatment benefits of these two techniques, concentrating on symptom reduction, emotional regulation, and overall life satisfaction. A randomized controlled experiment was undertaken with people diagnosed with GAD, who were assigned to either CBT or PDT treatment groups. The study examined anxiety levels, coping methods, and psychological well-being using standardized evaluations before and during the treatment period. The data imply that both CBT and PDT are effective in lowering anxiety symptoms, with CBT exhibiting faster and more consistent symptom alleviation. However, PDT was found to provide deeper insights into unconscious emotional conflicts and longer-term improvements in emotional regulation. the strengths and limitations of each therapy and suggests that the choice of treatment may depend on individual preferences, the severity of symptoms, and the desired long-term outcomes. The findings have implications for clinicians in selecting the most appropriate therapeutic approach for patients with GAD.
Criminal Protection of Waqf Real Property: A Study of Various Crimes
Waqf is regarded as a means of drawing closer to Allah, the Almighty. Its manifestations have expanded to include waqf institutions, which have undergone significant development. This has prompted the Algerian legislator to enact laws regulating the management of waqf property and, consequently, to ensure its protection, as stipulated in Article 52 of the 1996 Constitutional Amendment. The criminal protection of waqf property refers to addressing all acts of infringement that may affect it, whether committed by third parties or resulting from natural causes. The responsibility for monitoring such property has been entrusted to the Waqf Administrator (Wakil al-Awqaf). This study aims to examine in depth the legal provisions enacted by the legislator to protect waqf institutions and properties, while highlighting the need to impose stricter penalties on perpetrators of crimes against waqf. It does so by presenting the various offences committed against waqf property and emphasizing the necessity of adopting specific legislation for the protection of waqf real estate.
Attachment Styles and Their Influence on Adult Relationships: A Longitudinal Study
By analysing how early attachment experiences influence romantic relationships, friendships, and the dynamics of relationships in general, this longitudinal study explores the influence of attachment types on adult relationships. According to John Bowlby's attachment theory, a person's early interactions with their primary carers set the stage for how they will approach relationships in the future. a group of individuals over a five-year period, evaluating their attachment styles (disorganised, avoidant, anxious, and secure) and investigating how they affect communication styles, relationship satisfaction, emotional control, and conflict resolution. Surveys, in-depth interviews, and behavioural observations in a range of relationship scenarios were used to gather data. According to the research, secure attachment styles are linked to more stable, healthy adult relationships that are marked by emotional support, reciprocal trust, and efficient communication. People with anxious or avoidant attachment styles, on the other hand, frequently struggle with intimacy, conflict resolution, and emotional control, which leads to relationship instability and dissatisfaction. Furthermore, the study shows that attachment styles can change over time, and that therapeutic interventions may be able to promote secure attachment behaviours and enhance the quality of relationships. the significance of attachment styles in determining the calibre of adult relationships and imply that cultivating secure attachment styles could be a crucial element in advancing relational health.
The Problematic of the Burden of Proof and the Presumption of Innocence in Money Laundering Offences: A Study under Algerian Law and International Conventions
The study addressed the issue of the burden of proof and the presumption of innocence in money laundering crimes, highlighting the Algerian legislature's efforts to reconcile the principle of presumed innocence as a constitutional right with international obligations to combat such crimes, particularly by requiring the accused to justify the source of suspicious funds. Law 23-01, which amended Law 05-01, reflected this approach by establishing the possibility of confiscating funds even without a conviction and establishing the independence of the crime of money laundering from the original crime, reflecting a shift in the philosophy of proof towards judicial flexibility that takes into account the nature and complexity of the crime. However, despite its aim of enhancing the effectiveness of the fight against money laundering, this amendment has raised uncertainty about which party bears the burden of proof in such cases.
The Influence of Parenting Styles on Child Development: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
The impact of parenting practices on children's development from a cross-cultural standpoint, looking at how various cultural norms and values influence parenting techniques and, in turn, affect kids' social, emotional, and cognitive development. This study examines how parenting styles—authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful—appear in diverse cultural contexts and how they affect the outcomes of children, drawing on Diana Baumrind's groundbreaking approach. In order to find common themes and cultural differences in parenting styles, the study covers a varied sample of parents and kids from Western, Eastern, and Indigenous societies. Surveys, interviews, and parent-child interaction observations were used to gather data, with a focus on important topics like autonomy, communication, discipline, and emotional support. cultural variations in the acceptance and application of parenting approaches, with authoritative parenting consistently associated with favourable child outcomes like social competence, emotional control, and good academic achievement. However, differences in parenting methods were noted, with the cultural setting influencing the consequences of authoritarian and permissive approaches. Authoritarian parenting was linked to good family togetherness and respect for authority in collectivist cultures, but it was linked to children's anxiety and low self-esteem in individualistic cultures. provides insightful information for cross-cultural parenting education and policy-making, and highlights the significance of taking cultural values into account when assessing the consequences of parenting methods.
Strengthening Intellectual Property Rights at the National and International Levels under Criminal Legislation
Most national legislations, as well as international law, have addressed the protection of intellectual property against piracy, counterfeiting, and forgery since the nineteenth century. National and international legal systems have even resorted to criminal policy in this field due to its severity and its role in achieving general deterrence. However, is the application of this criminal policy suitable for the digital environment, which has become the primary platform relied upon by intellectual property owners to disseminate their electronic works? If criminal policy is indeed applicable to the protection of digital works in the digital environment characterized by complexity and by technologies intrinsically linked to intellectual property what is the legal nature of criminal protection for digital works in the digital environment, what is the scope of its intervention, and to what extent is it effective in strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights in the digital environment? These are the issues examined in this article entitled: Strengthening Intellectual Property Rights at the National and International Levels under Criminal Legislation.
A New Era in Biomedical Applications and Drug Delivery Systems: Nanomaterials
The remarkable properties of nanomaterials, including their diminutive size, large surface area, and malleability, have made them a potentially revolutionary resource in the fields of biomedicine and drug delivery systems. investigating the possibility of using nanoparticles to improve drug delivery, with an emphasis on increasing bioavailability, decreasing adverse effects, and directing the drug to certain tissues or cells. We investigate the efficacy of several nanoparticle, dendrimer, liposome, and nanocomposites systems as encapsulants and carriers of chemotherapeutic meds, proteins, and genetic materials, among other therapeutic agents. The article covers a wide range of topics related to medication delivery via nanoparticles, including potential toxicity, stability, and regulatory considerations. We also emphasize nanoparticles' contributions to individualized medicine by exploring their potential applications in diagnostics, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. We need more research to solve the remaining obstacles and refine nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems for clinical application. We also need to make sure they are safe to deploy in biomedicine.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the level of pain management among cancer patients. Methodology: The study was conducted on a purposive sample of 100 male and female cancer patients receiving treatment at Al-Zahrawi Hospital in M'Sila, Algeria. Data were collected using the Pain Management Strategies Questionnaire developed by Martin Stoffel et al. (2013), specifically the Arabic version translated by Taoulmit Shiraz (2024). After confirming the instrument's psychometric properties in the current study setting, the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 22. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including means, standard deviations, and significance tests, were employed to examine the study hypotheses. The descriptive research design was adopted as the most appropriate approach for the nature of the study. Results: The findings indicated a moderate level of pain management among cancer patients, with a mean score of 96.33. The results also revealed no statistically significant differences in pain management attributable to gender (male/female) or to the duration of illness.
Emerging Trends in Green Chemistry: Sustainable Solutions to Climate Change
The goal of sustainable chemistry, also called "green chemistry," is to lessen the negative effects of chemical production on the environment by reducing the amount of potentially harmful compounds used in chemical processes and products. Pollution, climate change, and the depletion of natural resources are just a few of the critical environmental problems that green chemistry may help solve. cutting-edge research in green chemistry, revealing novel approaches and tools for ecology protection. Developing more environmentally friendly solvents, increasing the use of renewable feedstocks, finding better ways to reduce waste through catalysis, and improving energy-efficient processes are all high on the list of research goals. Within the context of the circular economy, this article explores green chemistry, which is concerned with the production of chemicals through the use of previously used materials. Here you can find a comprehensive overview of green chemistry, including its current state, potential future directions for study and development, and the challenges that may prevent its broad use. These advancements demonstrate that green chemistry has the potential to lessen pollution in the industrial sector and make processes safer, cleaner, and more environmentally friendly.
The Scientific and Intellectual Efforts of Suleiman Pasha Al-Barouni (1870–1940)
This article aims to examine the scientific and intellectual efforts of Suleiman Pasha Al-Barouni by presenting these contributions and exploring the objectives he sought to accomplish through them. Al-Barouni established a distinguished presence in the field of scientific journeys, the founding of schools, the authorship of books, and the composition of poetry. He also sought to engage in journalistic activism and intellectual resistance through the written word. The study concludes that Al-Barouni maintained a significant presence across numerous fields of knowledge and culture, leaving evident imprints and remarkable contributions. Through these efforts, he sought to serve the Islamic nation and contribute to its progress and advancement. The spirit of struggle was also clearly reflected in his writings, which he employed as a platform for criticizing the difficult circumstances endured by Muslims under colonial domination, particularly in Libya.
Approaches and Challenges in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions with Carbon Capture Chemistry
It is essential to have carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology in order to lessen the effects of climate change and global warming, which are caused by emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). chemical elements involved in the process of removing CO2 from air and industrial pollution, with an emphasis on the many methods specifically employed for this objective. The oxy-fuel combustion procedures, post-combustion, and pre-combustion methods all employ chemical solvents, adsorbents, and membranes to remove CO2. possible new methods for the massive removal of CO2, such biological technology and direct air capture (DAC). Energy demands, cost, scalability, and long-term storage stability are some of the main obstacles that have prevented CCS from being widely used, even though there have been scientific improvements in the field. Legislative and regulatory frameworks, social and environmental acceptability, and related themes are also treated. By analyzing these methods and obstacles, we may better grasp carbon capture's potential as a game-changing tactic in the fight against climate change and the mitigation of CO2 emissions on a worldwide scale.
The Violation of Algerian Women’s Rights under French Colonialism – The Algerian Woman as a Case Study -A Socio-Historical Study-
During the French colonial period, Algerian women played an active and decisive role in the national resistance movement, performing a wide range of functions that included material and moral support as well as direct participation in revolutionary activities. In parallel, they were subjected to severe repressive policies, including torture, imprisonment, and widespread violations of their fundamental human rights. Despite this, they demonstrated remarkable resilience and maintained strict secrecy regarding revolutionary activities. They contributed in various capacities as combatants, couriers, and medical assistants. This study aims to highlight the role of Algerian women during the War of Liberation while shedding light on the abuses committed by the French colonial authorities against them.
Industrial and Chemical Applications of Ionic Liquids
The remarkable solvation capabilities, low volatility, and remarkable thermal stability of ionic liquids (ILs), a salt type, have recently garnered a lot of interest. The various useful properties of ILs make them ideal for usage in a wide variety of chemical and industrial processes. ionic liquids' impact on chemical reactions, particularly their use as green solvents, catalysts, and material transporters. Utilizing ILs can enhance selectivity, response rates, and operational sustainability while decreasing energy consumption and hazardous waste. Among their many applications are electrochemistry, biomass processing, and catalysis, because to their solubility in both polar and nonpolar substances. Following an overview of ILs' pricing, toxicity, and non-recyclability, the article delves into the ongoing research aimed at discovering solutions to these issues, along with their performance in industrial settings. The article's focus here is on how ionic liquids might help create more efficient and environmentally friendly chemical processes, which could have applications in areas like renewable energy, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals.
Human Resources Development in the Algerian Telecommunications Sector: Reality and Obstacles - A Field Study in Batna
The challenges and transformations imposed by the global economy today on economic institutions around the world require local institutions to deal with these rapid changes. As human resources are the main component of production processes, the present study aims at identifying the extent to which the Algerian economic institution coexists with these changes, as well as the most important obstacles encountered in applying human resources development methods. In order to do this, we conducted a case study in the Directorate of the Telecommunications Operation of the State of Batna, to highlight this phenomenon through the use of descriptive approach and the results are as follows:1 - The high degree of impediments to the application of methods of human resources development to greater than the average satisfactory at the discretion.2 - the low degree of obstacles to apply the guidance to below the average satisfactory at the scale of appreciation.3 - The high degree of impediments to the application of the composition and human relations to a greater than the average satisfactory at the discretion.
The State of Smart Digitalization of Public Procurement in Algerian Legislation
Technological development has had a significant impact on the activities of public administration in all fields, particularly in the area of public procurement. The procedures for awarding public procurement contracts have been influenced by this development, leading to the introduction of a new approach to procurement procedures that is consistent with technological advancements. This is the approach adopted by the Algerian legislator through the establishment of a dedicated electronic system (the electronic portal) to implement these procedures by issuing legislative legal provisions governing it, notably Law No. 23-12.
A New Era in Financial Risk Assessment and Management Made Possible by AI
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing financial risk assessment and management in numerous ways, including more accurate forecasts, improved decision-making, and enhanced operational efficiency. how AI will alter the way the dynamic financial sector approaches risk management, assessment, and mitigation. Artificial intelligence (AI) uses strong machine learning algorithms, big data analytics, and natural language processing to enhance the ability to detect fraudulent activities, optimize portfolio management procedures, predict new threats, and assess creditworthiness. integrating AI into frameworks for managing financial risk, including liquidity risk, market risk, credit risk, and operational risk, among others [1]. The report discusses the requirements for legal frameworks, data privacy concerns, and algorithmic bias as some of the constraints and hurdles to AI adoption in the banking sector. The results demonstrate that AI has the potential to significantly improve risk management methods, but there are numerous technological, ethical, and regulatory hurdles to jump before AI is completely deployed. As the financial sector becomes more data-driven, it is essential that institutions get guidance on how to effectively incorporate AI into risk management strategies in order to guarantee increased accuracy, efficiency, and compliance.
The Ethical System in Islam Selected Hadiths from Sahih al-Bukhari
This article examines the concept of ethics in Islam, encompassing both commendable moral qualities that Islamic law advocates and reprehensible traits that it condemns and warns against. The study underscores that the domain of ethics in Islam is broad and multifaceted: it concerns the refinement of individual conduct, the cultivation of a virtuous society founded on social solidarity, and the promotion of affection and harmony among people. It further addresses family matters, including child rearing and marital companionship, as well as transactional ethics such as those governing buying and selling, and economic ethics like rationalizing consumption. This ethical scope extends to governance, which regulates the relationship between rulers and subjects, and to the treatment of non-Muslims. The research also presents illustrative models of this ethical system through authentic hadiths selected from Sahih al-Bukhari, revealing a dimension of Islam's beauty and affirming that Islam is the religion of sound primordial nature.
Credit Rating Agencies' Evolution and Impact on Global Financial Systems
Credit rating agencies (CRAs)' independence in assessing governments, firms, and financial instruments has shaped the world's financial institutions. CRAs have evolved from their early 1900s origins to their impact on financial markets today. How credit rating agencies (CRAs) have become important in investment decisions, regulatory frameworks, and market stability by looking at historical events like rating methodology evolution, the emergence of major agencies like Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and Fitch, and CRAs' role in financial crises. the challenges CRAs face, such as the growing need for impartial and diverse evaluations, transparency issues, and perceived conflicts of interest. New competition, technical advances, and changing regulatory constraints make the credit rating market dynamic. Credit reporting agencies (CRAs) have helped make markets more efficient, but the results suggest they will need to adapt to new issues and provide more accurate and transparent credit ratings. The paper concludes with numerous proposals to improve credit rating agencies' reliability and usefulness in today's financial system.
The Status of Reason in the Thought of Abdelkader Chereiet
This study examines the status of reason in the thought of Abdallah Cheriet, one of the leading Algerian philosophers who contributed significantly to the development of contemporary Arab philosophy. It analyzes his conception of reason as a critical instrument for understanding reality, renewing philosophical inquiry, and addressing the intellectual and cultural challenges facing Arab societies. The paper explores the philosophical foundations of his rational vision, highlighting the relationship between reason, heritage, and modernity, as well as his efforts to reconcile authenticity with openness to universal human thought. By adopting an analytical and descriptive approach, the study demonstrates that Cheriet viewed reason as the cornerstone of intellectual progress and civilizational renewal, advocating a balanced philosophy that combines critical reflection with cultural identity. The findings underscore the enduring relevance of his ideas to contemporary philosophical and cultural debates.
Stock Market Volatility and Interest Rate Changes: An Analysis
Interest rate fluctuations affect the financial markets in various ways, one of which is the volatility of the stock market. focus on how central bank policies and investor expectations impact stock values and trading patterns, as well as the relationship between interest rate fluctuations and instability in the stock market. Looking at historical data and real-world examples from various countries, we can see how interest rates impact company earnings, investor sentiment, and capital flows, all of which have an impact on stock market performance. investigates the relationship between interest rates, the cost of capital, investment decisions, and stock market stability. by examining the various sectors of the economy that are most impacted by shifts in interest rates. The findings suggest that investor expectations and the state of the economy as a whole can influence how the market reacts to interest rate hikes, even though these events often cause greater market volatility as a result of less liquidity and higher borrowing costs. providing policymakers and investors with recommendations for mitigating the risks associated with interest rate swings and making markets more stable.
The Efforts of Mālikī Scholars in the Development of Jurisprudential Theory through the Compositional Approach and Its Impact on the Formulation of Fatwas
This article examines the efforts of Mālikī scholars in the development of jurisprudential thought through the compositional approach and its impact on the formulation of fatwas. The Mālikī school has been distinguished by the diversity of its scholarly production, encompassing abridgments (mukhtaṣarāt), didactic poems (manẓūmāt), extensive treatises, and encyclopedic works of jurisprudence. These writings addressed the needs of students, jurists, and muftis, while facilitating the transmission and dissemination of Mālikī jurisprudence across generations. This study focuses on the significance of juridical works devoted to identifying the authoritative sources of fatwas within the school and to elucidating the methodologies employed by scholars in classifying legal texts and distinguishing authoritative works from non-authoritative ones. It does so through prominent scholarly models, including Nūr al-Baṣar fī Sharḥ Khuṭbat al-Mukhtaṣar by Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Hilālī (d. 1175 AH), the Būṭalīḥiyyah didactic poem by Muḥammad al-Nābighah al-Ghalāwī al-Shinqīṭī (d. 1245 AH), and ʿAwn al-Muḥtasib fīmā Yuʿtamad min Kutub al-Madhhab by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Sālik al-ʿAlawī (d. 1398 AH), which is a commentary on the poem of Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Fāl al-Tandaghi. The study further demonstrates that the methodology of abridgment constituted an important stage in the development of Mālikī legal writing, as it facilitated the presentation of juristic issues and ensured a gradual process of learning. Students would begin by memorizing legal texts and didactic poems before progressing to the study of their commentaries and marginal glosses, thereby developing their juristic competence. Nevertheless, abridgments were not intended to replace the original and comprehensive works; rather, they served as a means of systematizing jurisprudence and facilitating its acquisition. The study concludes that Mālikī legal writing in the field of fatwas was not merely a compilation of legal issues, but rather an integrated scholarly enterprise aimed at preserving the school, organizing its sources, and defining the principles governing ijtihād, juristic preference (tarjīḥ), and the issuance of fatwas. It also confirms that the major Mālikī legal works, with their rigorous methodologies of transmission, verification, and juristic preference, have remained fundamental references for judges, muftis, and researchers in the application of Islamic legal rulings and the treatment of emerging legal issues.
How Macroeconomic Factors Affect Stock Market Returns: A Global Perspective
Changes in broad economic indicators such as gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, interest rates, currency rates, and unemployment can have a significant impact on the stock market. a worldwide view of the influence of key macroeconomic variables on stock markets, with a focus on how shifting economic conditions affect market returns and investor behavior. In this cross-national study, how developed and emerging economies' stock markets are linked to key macroeconomic indices. Using econometric models, this study examines the impact of macroeconomic changes on stock prices, highlighting how various countries' economies, institutions, and market development stages influence their reactions. The findings suggest that country-specific factors such as fiscal policies, market liquidity, and investor attitude can often reduce the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock market performance. In its last section, the study examines the policy and investor consequences of these results, offering helpful information on how to predict market movements and reduce investment risks in different economic situations using macroeconomic factors.
The Right to Think in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: A Psycho-Educational Approach to Enhancing Cognitive Autonomy Among University Students
This study aims to measure the effectiveness of a proposed psycho-educational intervention program in enhancing cognitive autonomy and independent thinking among students of Amar Telidji University in Laghouat, in light of the rapid spread of generative artificial intelligence tools that have become threatening the ability to think critically and independently. The study adopted the quasi-experimental approach with a design of two experimental and active control groups with pre and post measurement, and the study sample consisted of (100) male and female students from the second and third year license distributed across different faculties of the university, divided into two equal groups (50 students in each group), where the experimental group received an intervention program consisting of seven weekly sessions while the active control group received general lectures on university study skills to ensure control of the Hawthorne effect. The study used three tools: the Cognitive Autonomy Scale, the Higher-Order Thinking Tasks Test, and the Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Questionnaire. The results of the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed statistically significant differences at the level of (0.01) between the post-performance means of the two groups in favor of the experimental group, with a large effect size (η² = 0.47), indicating the effectiveness of the intervention program in enhancing cognitive autonomy and higher-order thinking skills among students. The study recommended the necessity of integrating psycho-educational programs into university curricula to protect the right to independent thinking and develop critical competencies in the age of artificial intelligence.
The Role of Homeopathy in Integrative Medicine: A Worldwide Survey
Homeopathy, an alternative medicine system based on the principle of "like cures like," has been the subject of heated controversy and widespread use for almost two centuries. Homeopathy is commonly included in integrative medicine, which encompasses conventional and alternative therapies to address the complete person (physically, psychologically, and emotionally). It is a subset of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). the role of homeopathy in complementary and alternative medicine from a global viewpoint, delving into its implementation in different countries, its impact on patient outcomes, and its role in healthcare systems. The purpose of this research is to gain a scientific and patient-centered understanding of homeopathic treatments by analyzing the literature, conducting clinical trials, and looking at case studies. Even tho some studies demonstrate promising results in treating mental health concerns, acute diseases, and chronic conditions, people remain skeptical due to the placebo effect and the difficulty of standardizing medicines, two impediments to scientific confirmation. the rules that regulate homeopathy, the duties of doctors and other medical professionals, and the law as it pertains to homeopathy.
Dialectic of the Will between Alienation and Recognition An Analytical Approach under Nietzschean Philosophy
This study aims to philosophically review the dialectic of the human will between alienation and recognition through Nietzschean philosophy. According to his perspective, human beings are constrained by alienation as they search for their true selves and identities within an eternal existential framework that continually diverts them from reality toward theology and the constraints of values, religions, and authority. While in his alienation, he has to seek recognition shaped by knowledge, truth, revolutionary thought, and new wisdom that replaces traditional philosophy. Through an analytical review of this dialectic, a discussion of alienation and recognition in human will, and an understanding of himself in relation to others under Nietzsche's deconstructive ideas, the study revealed that Nietzsche attributes alienation primarily to religion and authority, arguing that human destiny lies between alienation and recognition. Therefore, it recommended re-examining this dialectic in light of the digital age and robots.
Assessing the Role of Homeopathy in the Clinical Management of Chronic Diseases
Global health systems bear the brunt of the load that individuals with chronic diseases bring, as they often require long-term treatment strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Arthritis, diabetes, asthma, and heart disease are among these conditions. Supporters of homeopathy, an alternative medicine practice, argue that it can help manage chronic diseases by getting to the bottom of issues and enhancing the body's natural healing capabilities. reviewing data from research, including as patient surveys, observational studies, and clinical trials, to determine the efficacy of homeopathic remedies in the management of chronic conditions. the effectiveness of homeopathy in treating common chronic diseases, in particular how symptoms are reduced, how quickly the condition progresses, and the outcomes mentioned by patients. Despite some encouraging outcomes in pain treatment, inflammation reduction, and emotional wellbeing, skepticism around homeopathy is still fueled by methodological constraints and the difficulty in conducting meaningful clinical research. elements that lead to positive results, including as patient expectations, the placebo effect, and personalized treatment. Lastly, although homeopathy has promise in the management of chronic diseases, further large-scale, high-quality investigations are needed to bolster the evidence foundation and its role in conventional treatment programs.
Sheikh Ibrahim Abu al-Yaqzan: His Reformative Role, Intellectual Activity, and Associative Work (1920–1962)
This study aims to highlight the achievements of reformist figures who contributed to combating ignorance and illiteracy, through which the French colonial administration sought to efface the Algerian identity. The efforts of these figures served as a beacon of hope for the Algerian people. Prominent among them was Sheikh Ibrahim ibn Isa Hamdi "Abu al-Yaqzan", a pivotal figure in the Algerian reform movement who combined journalism, educational thought, and community associative work to offer an integrated model for comprehensive reform. This study analyzes three fundamental pillars of his reformative journey during the crucial period (1920–1962), a defining landmark in modern Algerian history: the press as a tool for shaping collective consciousness, educational thought as a methodology for civilizational renewal, and associative work as a practical mechanism for implementing reformist ideas.
Evaluating the Safety and Effectiveness of Homeopathy in Pediatric Care
Asthma, eczema, colic, teething pain, behavioral difficulties, and other pediatric conditions have seen a rise in the use of homeopathy as a possible therapy option in recent years. Homeopathy advocates claim it offers a mild and non-invasive alternative to conventional medicine, which may entice parents seeking holistic, personalized care for their children. However, there are still real concerns regarding the effectiveness and safety of homeopathic treatments for pediatric patients due to issues with scientific validation and a lack of large-scale, rigorous clinical trials. by reviewing the safety and effectiveness of homeopathy in pediatric treatment by examining previous clinical studies, observational data, and patient narratives. the potential benefits and risks of homeopathy as a treatment for common pediatric disorders, with a focus on symptom relief and overall health improvement. Some of the challenges in studying pediatric homeopathy include ethical considerations, the placebo effect, and the need for individualized treatment approaches.
Anthropological Structures in the Intangible Folk Culture of Southwestern Algeria
Intangible folk heritage constitutes a fundamental field of interest in cultural anthropology, as it encompasses symbolic systems that reflect patterns of collective thought and frame individual behavior within society. This heritage should not be regarded merely as folkloric expressions or forms of entertainment; rather, it represents a profound semantic structure in which social, religious, and symbolic dimensions intersect, making it an essential approach to understanding culture in its entirety. In the Algerian context, the significance of this heritage lies in its capacity to preserve the collective memory of the community and to serve as a means of reproducing values and norms, particularly in regions that continue to maintain traditional ways of life, as is the case in the Touat region.
A Comparison between Homeopathic and Conventional Pain Management
Patients with acute and chronic pain often seek out effective and alternative pain treatment options, highlighting the critical role of pain management in healthcare. Traditional pain treatment relies heavily on pharmaceutical interventions like opioids, anti-inflammatory drugs, and analgesics. In spite of this, many patients who are concerned about adverse effects, dependency, and long-term use have sought out alternative treatments like homeopathy. an examination of the results, risks, and effectiveness of traditional pain treatment compared to homeopathic medicines. the effectiveness of homeopathic remedies in reducing pain associated with various medical conditions, including nerve pain, postoperative pain, arthritis, musculoskeletal pain, and neuropathic pain, thru the examination of clinical trials, observational studies, and patient questionnaires. This research compares the effectiveness of homeopathy and conventional pain treatments, taking a look at both the short- and long-term outcomes. a more all-encompassing and personalized approach to treatment with fewer side effects is one of the potential benefits of homeopathy. It is challenging to evaluate homeopathy due to the placebo effect and other issues with research methodology. All things considered, homeopathy holds potential as an alternate or adjunct to conventional pain treatment, but further high-quality studies are required to validate its efficacy and indicate its proper clinical application.
Sports Media and Children's Value System: An Analytical Approach to Football Games
Sports media represents one of the most prominent forms of mass communication that profoundly influences collective consciousness by presenting various types of athletic content. This is especially evident given the widespread proliferation of modern technologies that have made sports a daily commodity accessible to all societal segments. Football matches, in particular, stand out as the most engaging athletic activity for children, forming a significant part of both their imaginary and real worlds during a developmental stage that serves as the solid foundation for future personality construction. It is during this period that core values, which guide individual behavior and social interactions, are established. Since the media, including sports media, plays a pivotal role in the socialization process, its impact on the children's value system becomes a subject worthy of rigorous research and analysis. Accordingly, this study aims to understand the nature of the relationship between sports media content directed at children, specifically football matches, and the values acquired by these children as a result of their exposure to and consumption of this type of media.
Critical Analysis of Homeopathic Remedies for Mental Health Disorders
Anxiety, depression, stress, and other mood disorders are becoming more common and significantly alter people's quality of life. Although they are widely used, conventional treatments such as psychotherapy and pharmaceuticals often come with downsides like addiction, ineffectiveness, and side effects. A growing number of people are considering homeopathy as a supplementary or alternative method of treating mental health concerns. Proponents of homeopathy say it offers a more holistic and individualized strategy. studying the theoretical foundations, empirical evidence, and therapeutic outcomes of homeopathic therapies for mental health concerns, in addition to their effectiveness. This study synthesizes data from clinical trials, observational research, and patient accounts to ascertain the efficacy of homeopathic remedies in the treatment of anxiety, depression, stress, and sleeplessness. Further challenges to evaluating homeopathy in mental health care include the one-of-a-kind nature of each patient's treatment, methodological issues, and the placebo effect. Although there has been some encouraging research, particularly in terms of symptom relief and improving mental health, the scientific evidence is still unclear.
Environmental Effects of Nuclear Explosions in The Algerian Sahara - Reggane as a Model.
Algeria suffered a lot of France’s crimes that targeted people and stones. Reggane, a region in the Algerian desert, is the place where France carried out its nuclear experiments targeting humans, plants, animals, water, air and the surrounding environment. The tranquility of Reggan was turned into nuclear dust that transformed its oases into a cemetery only to please the dreams of colonial France. These experiments remain a stain on France war record.
Recent Studies on Homeopathy and Immune System Modulation
The potential impacts of homeopathy, an alternative medicine technique based on the principle of "like cures like," on immune system modulation and overall health enhancement have piqued people's attention. Numerous immune-related conditions, such as autoimmune illnesses, chronic inflammation, and immune system dysregulation, have demonstrated encouraging responses to homeopathic medicine research. When it comes to altering immune responses, homeopathy could prove useful. homoeopathy's role in immune system modulation, highlighting its action mechanisms, clinical evidence, and potential therapeutic applications. Research implies that homeopathic therapies may influence immune cell activity, cytokine production, and inflammatory pathways, however the precise mechanisms by which they do so are still controversial and poorly understood. Clinical and observational research on immune-related diseases such allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma have shown mixed results, with some patients reporting improvement and others reporting no change from placebo. Despite methodological challenges including the complexity and uniqueness of studying homeopathic remedies, new insights into immunology and homeopathy are illuminating the potential connections between these medicines and the immune system. offer a summary of the potential benefits and drawbacks of homeopathy in immune system modulation, and suggest ways forward for research to elucidate its efficacy and underlying mechanisms.
Tutelary Censorship of Elected Local Councils in Algerian Legislation: The Municipal People's Council as A Model
The Algerian Legislator Enshrines the System of Tutelary Censorship of the Municipal People’s Council through A Set of Mechanisms Directed at Members of Local Councils, whether Individually or Collectively. This Tutelary Censorship Manifests itself in Various Forms, including Dismissal, Suspension, or Even Permanent Expulsion from the Council. Furthermore; Supervisory Bodies Exercise their Authority over Members Collectively through the Dissolution Mechanism, despite the Legislator's Stipulation that its application be Limited to Specific Contexts and Justifiable Circumstances. The Authority of Guardianship also Extends beyond Individuals to Include All the Actions of the Municipal Council, as these Actions are Subject to Tutelary Censorship for Approval or Cancellation if They Violate Applicable Laws and Regulations.
An Evidence-Based Approach to Homeopathy in Preventive Healthcare
Modern medicine would not be complete without preventive healthcare, the main aims of which are the reduction of illness and the improvement of general health. The potential use of complementary treatments like homeopathy in disease prevention has attracted attention. Conversely, vaccination, behavioral modifications, and early detection are the main tenets of conventional medicine. Based on the principle that "like cures like," homeopathy aims to enhance the body's inherent healing abilities thru the use of exceedingly dilute medicines. The function of homeopathy in preventive healthcare will be explored by examining fresh evidence regarding its effectiveness in sickness prevention, health optimization, and the enhancement of the body's resistance. A review of the literature on homeopathic treatments for the prevention of chronic diseases, improvement of immune function, and promotion of long-term health is presented. The research includes randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and case reports. Due to the personalized nature of treatment and the methodological challenges in performing large-scale trials, several research highlight the limitations of obtaining robust, definitive data. Some research suggests that homeopathy can help with chronic diseases such the common cold, the flu, and allergies, while other studies highlight the difficulties in determining homoeopathy's efficacy in this area. Thru a number of mechanisms, including immune system regulation and the establishment of balance within the body's energy system, homeopathy can improve preventative health.
French Detention and Torture Centers in the Touggourt Region During the Algerian War of Independence 1954-1962 AD "Dar Al-Doub Detention Center as a Model".
The torture and detention centers established by the French occupation in various parts of the homeland are generally considered dark points in France's black history in Algeria. France officially denied any connection to the torture operations and what was happening in Algeria. All killings, executions, burning of villages with internationally prohibited weapons, and nuclear tests in the Algerian desert were claimed by France to be pacification efforts. As for the operations carried out by the National Liberation Army, which destabilized its security, they were merely a group of outlaws who would soon be brought under control. Upon the outbreak of the Liberation Revolution and the subsequent years until independence, France established many torture centers, prisons, detention camps, and internment camps. What happened inside them to Algerians defies all description. To this day, France has not acknowledged what it did in Algeria, despite all the evidence and clues, including torture centers, remaining to this day. However, they will remain a testament to the brutal methods used by the French occupier against the Algerian people to sever their connection with the revolution and eliminate them, claiming the lives of thousands of Algerians, and cannot be dismissed by statute of limitations. In this research paper, we will attempt to address one of the French torture centers in the Touggourt region, and the most dangerous of all during the Liberation Revolution in the region, which is "Dar al-Doub Detention Camp." Inside it, the French occupation subjected the people of the greater Touggourt region in particular, and the Oued Righ region in general, to various brutal torture methods, such as torture using electric shocks, burning, severe beating, and other methods that will be mentioned in this research paper. Thus, the following problem arose: How did the French detention and torture centers in the Touggourt region, especially Dar al-Doub Detention Camp, contribute to the French repression strategy against the Liberation Revolution? To answer this problem, we developed a plan consisting of three main headings: the first is an introduction to torture centers, prisons, detention camps, and internment camps in general; the second is examples of French torture centers in the Touggourt region during the Liberation Revolution; and the third is dedicated to introducing Dar al-Doub Detention Camp in the Touggourt region.
A Thorough Examination of Homeopathy for the Treatment of Allergies
Worldwide, more and more people are seeking solutions to control the symptoms of allergic illnesses such as asthma, eczema, food allergies, seasonal allergies, and others. Traditional methods of symptom relief include antihistamines, corticosteroids, and immunotherapy; however, these approaches come with their own share of drawbacks and do not provide lasting relief. So, to get some relief from their problems, many people with allergies seek out alternative remedies like homeopathy. According to homoeopathy's central principle of "like cures like," the body's natural healing abilities are enhanced thru the use of exceedingly dilute medications. exploring the effectiveness of homeopathy as a treatment for allergies by evaluating pertinent clinical data, patient results, and potential action mechanisms. If you suffer from allergic rhinitis, asthma, or skin allergies, this review will help you figure out whether homeopathic therapies work. It integrates data from several study methodologies. Concerning the outcomes of this intervention, research has yielded contradictory conclusions. Some have shown reductions in symptoms and gains in quality of life, whereas others have highlighted methodological issues such tiny samples and the placebo effect. Regardless, many report significant symptom relief with homeopathic therapies, particularly with the use of individualized medicines. Although preliminary results are encouraging, more high-quality, well-designed research is necessary to validate the usefulness of homeopathy as an adjunct to allergy treatments and to define its role in allergy management.
France's Crimes on 8 May 1945: A Statistical Study Based on Historical Sources
The massacres of 8 May 1945 are among the important issues in the history of contemporary Algeria during the period of French occupation — issues that have remained lodged in the national memory and bound up with colonial France's tragic past. Historical sources have addressed them, and they continue to attract the interest of researchers and those concerned with the file of national memory, given their importance, their far-reaching repercussions, and the disagreements surrounding the final toll of victims. The French military and civilian authorities put forward divergent statistics through which they sought to minimize the scale of the extermination, whereas the Algerian estimates were closer to the truth of the colonial repression, while foreign figures (British, American, and even Arab) presented a more neutral toll that highlighted the atrocity of what the French committed against an unarmed people who had come out in peaceful demonstrations calling for the application of the principle of peoples' right to self-determination.
Homeopathy and Conventional Pediatric Treatments: A Comparison
More individuals are wondering and debating homeopathy's role in pediatrics. Parents seeking safer treatments for a number of pediatric ailments are turning to homeopathy because to its tailored approach and perceived less adverse effects. How well homeopathic medicines compare to conventional medicine for treating asthma, eczema, colic, and upper respiratory tract infections in children. The study uses RCTs, observational studies, and case reports to compare therapeutic outcomes. Traditional medicine treats symptoms faster with pharmaceuticals, but homeopathy treats the cause and promotes health from the inside out, making it better in the long run. The evidence for homeopathy's effectiveness in pediatric treatment is inconclusive due to methodological concerns such small study sizes, lack of uniformity, and difficulty differentiating the placebo effect. More thorough clinical trials are needed to evaluate if homeopathy is a promising complementary medication, especially for chronic conditions, to develop clear guidelines for its use in pediatric treatment. Large-scale studies are needed to assure the safety, efficacy, and right use of homeopathic medicines for children.
Early Graduation Rituals: A Sociological Analysis of Celebration Practices of the Primary Education Certificate in Algeria Through Digital Video Content
This article examines the phenomenon of early graduation rituals among primary school pupils in Algeria as an emerging social practice that reflects transformations in perceptions of academic success and the functions of the school as an educational institution. The study aims to deconstruct the symbols and practices accompanying these rituals and to analyze their presence in the digital space, particularly on the “TikTok” platform, in order to better understand their symbolic and social dimensions. The findings of the analysis show that these celebrations are not merely moments of collective joy; rather, they represent a symbolic reproduction of success in which the performative and consumerist dimensions intersect with the educational one. The child is granted symbolic capital that circulates through digital imagery. The study also reveals that these rituals constitute a dual response: on the one hand, they satisfy a social need for recognition and visibility; on the other, they compensate for a collective anxiety regarding the fragility of educational attainment.
The Impact of Cartoon Translation on The Formation of The Culture of The Algerian Child "Sally" as a Model.
This study examines the impact of translating animated cartoons on shaping the cultural awareness of Algerian children, using the Japanese animated series Sally as a case study. It explores how dubbing and translation transfer linguistic, social, and cultural values from the source culture to the target audience, influencing children's perceptions, behaviors, and identities. The study highlights the role of audiovisual translation as more than a linguistic process, emphasizing its contribution to cultural mediation and value transmission. By analyzing the translated version of Sally, the paper discusses the extent to which translated cartoons preserve, adapt, or transform cultural elements to suit the Algerian context. The findings underline the importance of culturally sensitive translation in balancing entertainment with educational and identity-building objectives for young audiences.
Analyzing Sentiment thru Natural Language Processing: A Comparison of Machine Learning Models
With the help of Natural Language Processing (NLP), sentiment analysis has become much more effective, allowing businesses to glean insights from textual data like reviews, social media posts, and consumer feedback. an analysis of different sentiment analysis machine learning models, including classics like Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machines (SVM) and more recent algorithms like Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Transformer-based models like BERT. Finding out how well each model does on various datasets allows us to compare and contrast their accuracy, scalability, and processing speed. features, data preparation, and the effects of employing language models that have already been trained. help researchers and practitioners optimize sentiment analysis applications across different industries by shedding light on how to choose the best model for different sentiment analysis jobs.
Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Pain
This study aimed to identify the level of quality of life among chronic pain patients and to reveal differences in quality of life according to the variables of gender and marital status. The study relied on a descriptive approach, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, the short version, was applied to a sample of 40 male and female patients suffering from chronic pain, and the SPSS statistical package was used. The results showed that the level of quality of life among chronic pain patients was low. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of quality of life attributable to the variables of gender and marital status. The study concluded that it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive therapeutic approach, both medical, psychological and social, with the aim of improving the quality of life for chronic pain patients.
Machine Learning Improves Crop Yield Prediction in Precision Agriculture
With the use of machine learning (ML) integrated into precision agriculture, farmers can now make data-driven decisions that improve crop yield forecast and maximize resource efficiency, completely changing the game when it comes to crop management. the influence of ML on precision farming, particularly how ML tools improve agricultural production predictions thru data analysis of various types (e.g., weather, soil, and crop health indicators). Machine learning algorithms like decision trees, regression models, and deep learning approaches allow farmers to better understand their data, which in turn improves their predictions and informs their farming practices. the possibilities for increasing agricultural output thru the integration of remote sensing and IoT technologies, the difficulties encountered during data collecting and model implementation, and the effective uses of ML for predicting crop yields. In the end, the results show how machine learning may revolutionize precision agriculture, providing clues about what is to come in terms of sustainable agricultural methods.
The Power–Legitimacy Syndrome in International Law (The Threat of Territorial Annexation as a Mechanism for the Reproduction of Legal Norms)
Since its modern inception, international law has been structured around a persistent structural tension between its normative claim to restrain the use of force and to regulate international relations on the basis of sovereign equality, and the reality of power asymmetries that effectively govern international practice. International law does not eliminate the logic of power; rather, it reintegrates it within a legal framework that delineates spheres of prohibition and authorization, thereby allowing legal rules to be reinterpreted in light of prevailing power configurations. In this context, the practices of great powers acquire particular significance, insofar as they actively contribute to redefining the substantive content of legal norms and the limits of their binding force, not only through explicit violations, but also through the normalization of threatening discourse and its incorporation into what becomes legally tolerable. The statement by former U.S. President Donald Trump regarding the annexation of Greenland constitutes a revealing illustration of this shift: its significance lies not merely in the potential infringement of territorial integrity, but primarily in the instrumentalization of the threat of force as a means of implicitly renegotiating the legal norm itself. Tolerance of such practices leads to the erosion of compliance and the undermining of sovereign equality, resulting in a transformation of legitimacy from a normative, rule-based conception to a factual legitimacy grounded in the imposition of faits accomplis. Consequently, international law continues to operate not as an effective constraint on power, but as a discursive framework that enables its justification and the reproduction of dominance within a system that nonetheless claims legal authority.
An Investigation into the Impact that Naturopathy and Ayurveda Have on Cystic Fibrosis Patients
A hereditary illness known as cystic fibrosis (CF) causes inflammation, malnutrition, and chronic respiratory infections; it mostly impacts the digestive system and lungs. Naturopathy and Ayurveda are alternative therapies that have recently come to light as possible ways to alleviate CF symptoms and delay the disease's progression, while mainstream treatments concentrate on symptom management and disease progression slowing. an exhaustive examination of the therapeutic methods utilized by Ayurveda and Naturopathy in their treatment of Cystic Fibrosis patients. Natural therapies like medicines, dietary changes, cleansing, and breathing exercises are used to restore optimal function and balance the body's doshas, according to the main principles of Ayurveda and Naturopathy. There is talk of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and respiratory effects of Ayurvedic remedies, which include herbal formulations such as Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), and Pippali (Piper longum). Hydrotherapy, nutritional supplements, and detoxification procedures are some of the naturopathic treatments that are studied for their potential to improve CF patients' gut health and lung function.
French Grammar in the Written Work of Higher Education Students (The Case of Medical Students): A Question of Comfort or Linguistic Insecurity
In higher education, students' linguistic insecurity affects their productivity. We are interested through this study in the impact of this phenomenon on written production among second-year medical students in Ben-Aknoun, Algiers. Noting that this study is part of the field of writing and teaching French on specific objectives (FOS), we will try to conduct a double analysis: quantitative through a questionnaire provided to students and qualitative using an analysis of certain student notes. Our objective is to identify the factors of linguistic insecurity and to show how linguistic discomfort could affect the scriptural competence of medical students. To better understand the problem in relation to our audience, an interview with the teacher of the training language module guided us towards educational responses adapted to these learners aimed at strengthening linguistic and scriptural skills related to medical discourse.
Sanshamani Vati and Mahalaxmivilas Rasa Ayurvedic Formulation Quality Standardization Study
Formulations such as Sanshamani Vati and Mahalaxmivilas Rasa have long been used for their medicinal advantages in traditional Ayurvedic treatment. The necessity to standardize these formulations is growing, nevertheless, to guarantee consistency, quality, and safety as Ayurvedic medications become more popular in contemporary healthcare regimes. the verification of Sanshamani Vati's and Mahalaxmivilas Rasa's quality, two famous Ayurvedic remedies used for a wide range of ailments, including respiratory troubles, gastrointestinal problems, and overall health. Identifying and quantifying important bioactive ingredients, determining suitable dosages, and evaluating the efficacy of the formulations are significant factors of standardization. To determine what chemicals are in these mixes, scientists use methods including spectroscopic analysis, HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), and thin-layer chromatography. In addition, these formulations must be tested for their stability, safety profiles, and pharmacokinetic properties to guaranty they are up to date with quality control requirements.